Suomenlinna, Gibraltar of the North
August 31 , 2008 Written September 14 Dear Friends and Families,
We have recently become interested in the UNESCO "World Heritage" program. Some new friends talked about how they use it to guide where they travel and the side excursions they make while even on business trips. While I'm sure we've seen a few, maybe we'll start "a collection". So, one World Heritage site down, about a thousand to go. This could get hard!
John and Marianne
Websites: Suomenlinna:http://www.suomenlinna.fi/index.php?lang=eng Package Tours:http://www.suomenlinnatours.com/frontpage
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Suomenlinna History - The short version (I actually started a longer version, but discovered several websites that do it better. This is just enough to explain where we were.) What we know as Finland, started out as part of Sweden. In 1748 the Swedes decided to build a fortress, called Sveaborg ("Sweden's Fortress in Swedish) or Viapori (Finnish), on the eastern side of the empire to guard against encroachment by Russia. It worked until 1808 when the Russians actually attacked. The Commandant surrendered in days, for reasons that are apparently still debated. For most of the next century, Finland was a Russian Duchy and Viapori was a large naval base and army garrison for the Russians. In 1854, France and Great Britain allied themselves against Russia, primarily to prevent Tsarist expansion in the Crimea. They succeeded in destroying much of the fortress, but never landed. Viapori, and all of Finland, remained Russian until the Communist Revolution in 1918, when, after a bloody civil war, Finland became independent and the Helsinki harbor fortress became "Suomenlinna", Finland's Fortress. Suomenlinna remained a military post until 1973, when only the Naval College was kept by the Ministry of Defense, the rest being turned over to the Ministry of Education. Today, Suomenlinna is a major tourist attraction, including restaurants, live theater, and a half-dozen museums. |